HomeAssistant 安装 HASSOS

Home Assistant 安装 HASSOS，基于 HassOS Release-3 build 6 (RC) 。

2021 年 10 月 8 日更新

安装教程：https://www.home-assistant.io/installation/raspberrypi

坑1：no supervisor internet connection


21-02-02 15:47:18 WARNING (MainThread) [supervisor.homeassistant.core] Error on Home Assistant installation. Retry in 30sec
21-02-02 15:47:48 WARNING (MainThread) [supervisor.jobs] 'Updater.fetch_data' blocked from execution, no supervisor internet connection
21-02-02 15:47:48 WARNING (MainThread) [supervisor.homeassistant.core] Error on Home Assistant installation. Retry in 30sec
21-02-02 15:48:18 WARNING (MainThread) [supervisor.jobs] 'Updater.fetch_data' blocked from execution, no supervisor internet connection

解决：

刷完系统后，在 hassos-boot 根目录新建 CONFIG 目录，在其中创建 timesyncd.conf

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2
3

[Time]
NTP=0.pool.ntp.org 1.pool.ntp.org 2.pool.ntp.org 3.pool.ntp.org
FallbackNTP=0.pool.ntp.org 1.pool.ntp.org 2.pool.ntp.org 3.pool.ntp.org

如果还是不行，换个网络…… 我就被公司网络坑惨了

刷入 HASSOS 到 microSD 卡

下载最新 HASSOS 镜像，使用 balena Etcher 工具烧录到 microSD 卡。

配置网络连接

准备一个 U 盘，标签格式化为 CONFIG （有网友说也有说无需 U 盘，烧录镜像的 microSD 卡插入 Windows 电脑，修改 hassos-boot 标签为 CONFIG 也可以，本人没有尝试），在根目录创建 network 目录，在其中新建文件 my-network：

wifi 连接：

[connection]
id=my-network
uuid=72111c67-4a5d-4d5c-925e-f8ee26efb3c3
type=802-11-wireless

[802-11-wireless]
mode=infrastructure
ssid=MY_SSID
# Uncomment below if your SSID is not broadcasted
#hidden=true

[802-11-wireless-security]
auth-alg=open
key-mgmt=wpa-psk
psk=MY_WLAN_SECRET_KEY

[ipv4]
method=auto

[ipv6]
addr-gen-mode=stable-privacy
method=auto

网线连接：

[connection]
id=my-network
uuid=d55162b4-6152-4310-9312-8f4c54d86afa
type=802-3-ethernet

[ipv4]
method=auto

[ipv6]
addr-gen-mode=stable-privacy
method=auto

wifi 连接需替换 ssid 和 psk，uuid 可以通过 https://www.uuidgenerator.net/ 生成。

配置静态 IP，可以替换以上文件中 ipv4 参数：

[ipv4]
method=manual
address=192.168.53.188/24;192.168.53.1
dns=8.8.8.8;8.8.4.4;

如果已经连接启动树莓派，也可以 ssh 登陆后通过 nmcli 配置（官方 network 配置文档）：

hassio > login
# nmcli connection show
NAME                UUID                                  TYPE      DEVICE 
Wired connection 1  890cd810-f501-32a1-8fbe-9fac83693afa  ethernet  eth0   
my-network      e258af4f-f0bc-4492-955c-2c944355aaad  wifi      --     
# nmcli con edit "Wired connection 1" //此处选择输入需要配置的网络
nmcli> set ipv4.addresses 192.168.100.10/24
Do you also want to set 'ipv4.method' to 'manual'? [yes]:

配置时区

查看官方配置文档

HASSOS 时间同步服务器是 google，由于国内网络的问题导致无法同步，进而导致 http://hassio.local:8123 打不开，更新日期和时间即可，在 U 盘根目录新建文件 timesyncd.conf ，

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[Time]
NTP=0.pool.ntp.org 1.pool.ntp.org 2.pool.ntp.org 3.pool.ntp.org
FallbackNTP=0.pool.ntp.org 1.pool.ntp.org 2.pool.ntp.org 3.pool.ntp.org

如果已经 ssh 进入树莓派，可以按照官方文档所写的编辑 /etc/systemd/timesyncd.conf。

配置 ssh 连接

有 2 种 ssh 连接方式，通过 SSH Server 插件和

SSH Server 插件

官方文档

这种方式官方指出This add-on will not enable you to install packages or do anything as root. This is not allowed with Hass.io.，即权限较低。

来到Home Assistant主页http://hassio.local:8123，在菜单栏点击http://Hass.io，选择ADD-ON STORE，搜索 SSH Server，点击 INSTALL 安装，安装完成后会变成 OPEN，点击进入 SSH Server 界面。

进入 SSH Server 界面，往下滚动进入配置 ssh 选项 Config，配置 authorized_keys ，输入需要 ssh 访问 HA 的电脑的 id_rsa.pub ，设置完成后在电脑终端输入 ssh root@hassio.local ，登入成功：

$ ssh root@hassio.local
Warning: the ECDSA host key for 'hassio.local' differs from the key for the IP address '192.168.53.188'
Offending key for IP in /home/ranger/.ssh/known_hosts:14
Matching host key in /home/ranger/.ssh/known_hosts:18
Are you sure you want to continue connecting (yes/no)? yes

  _    _                 _       
 | |  | |               (_)      
 | |__| | __ _ ___ ___   _  ___  
 |  __  |/ _` / __/ __| | |/ _ \ 
 | |  | | (_| \__ \__ \_| | (_) |
 |_|  |_|\__,_|___/___(_)_|\___/ 
                                 


Our Cli:
$ hassio help

core-ssh:~#

参考：https://zhuanlan.zhihu.com/p/30620342

Debugging Hass.io

查看官方配置文档

这种方式可以获取所有权限：

SSH access through the [SSH add-on](https://www.home-assistant.io/addons/ssh/) (which will give you SSH access through port 22) will not provide you with all the necessary privileges, and you will be asked for a username and password when typing the 'login' command. You need to follow the steps below, which will setup a separate SSH access through port 22222 with all necessary privileges.

在 U 盘根目录新建文件 authorized_keys，导入 PC id_rsa.pub 内容到 authorized_keys，随后 ssh 连接：

$ ssh root@hassio.local -p 22222
Warning: the ECDSA host key for '[hassio.local]:22222' differs from the key for the IP address '[192.168.53.188]:22222'
Offending key for IP in /home/ranger/.ssh/known_hosts:16
Matching host key in /home/ranger/.ssh/known_hosts:17
Are you sure you want to continue connecting (yes/no)? yes
  _    _                 _       
 | |  | |               (_)      
 | |__| | __ _ ___ ___   _  ___  
 |  __  |/ _` / __/ __| | |/ _ \ 
 | |  | | (_| \__ \__ \_| | (_) |
 |_|  |_|\__,_|___/___(_)_|\___/ 

Welcome on Hass.io CLI.

For more details use 'help' and 'exit' to close.
If you need access to host system use 'login'.

hassio > login
#